Periodontal diseases mainly result from the infection and inflammation of the gums, which surround and support your teeth. Bacteria in your mouth can infect the tissues surrounding your teeth, causing inflammation that can lead to periodontal problems. When bacteria stay on your teeth for long, they can form a thin film on your teeth surface known as plaque, which can eventually harden to form tartar. Thus, the main reason behind periodontal problems is the lack of oral hygiene.